THE NERVOUS SYSTEM      P. 200
 
I. HISTOLOGY:  Use the microscope and prepared slides to study the structures listed.
 

     A. Using the slides labeled "Spinal Cord Smear, Ox" or "Motor Neuron", learn to recognize the following:
          1. neuroglia cells
          2. multipolar neuron
              a. cell body (soma)
              b. nucleus
              c. nerve cell processes

B. Using the slide labeled "Spinal Cord, c.s (cross-section)", learn to recognize the following:
          1.   central canal
          2.   anterior median fissure
          3.   posterior median sulcus
          4.   anterior and posterior horns of gray
          5.   dorsal root ganglia (if attached)
          6.   gray matter containing cell bodies of neurons
          7.   white matter containing cross-sections of myelinated fibers

 C. Using the slide labeled "Peripheral Nerve, c.s", learn to recognize the following:
          1. epineurium, perineurium, fascicles, and endoneurium
          2. cross-section of myelinated fibers

 II. Gross Anatomy:  Use available sketches, photographs, and written descriptions in your textbook and lab atlas to help you with the following tasks.

      A. Study the life-sized spinal cord model and learn to recognize the following structures:

          1.   brain stem structures
                 a. pons
                 b. medulla

          2.   spinal cord in vertebral canal
                 a. conus medullaris
                 b. cauda equina

          3.  spinal nerve roots, spinal nerves, plexuses, and peripheral nerves
                 a. cervical plexus
                 b. brachial plexus
                 c. intercostal nerves
                 d. lumbar plexus
                 e. sacral plexus
                 f. sciatic nerve

          4.   sympathetic chain ganglia

 B. Study the model of the brain ventricles.
          1. lateral ventricles (right and left)
          2. third ventricle
          3. cerebral aqueduct
          4. fourth ventricle
          5. choroid plexus
 
 C. Study the models of the entire brain. Some are of hard plastic, others of softer latex.
     Also study the preserved sheep brains which have been left whole.  On each item, search for the following structures:
          1. cerebral hemisphere
             a. parietal lobe
             b. frontal lobe
             c. occipital lobe
             d. temporal lobe
             e. optic chiasma
             f. olfactory bulbs
             g. central sulcus
             h. precentral gyrus
             i. postcentral gyrus
             j. lateral sulcus
 
         2. longitudinal fissure and transverse fissure
         3. cerebellum
         4. pons
         5. medulla
         6. meninges (available on some preserved sheep brains)
             a. dura mater
             b. pia mater
             c. (arachnoid is not generally observable)

 D. Study any sagittal section of brain (plastic imbedded human brains and dissected preserved sheep brains).  In addition to the above structures, learn to recognize the following structures:
                                 1.  corpus callosum
                                 2.  septum pellucidum
                                 3.  thalamus
                                 4.  massa intermedia
                                 5.  all ventricles
                                 6.  midbrain
                                 7.  cerebral aqueduct
                                 8.  gray matter (cortex) and white matter
                                 9.  arbor vitae
                                10.  hypothalamus
                                11.  pituitary gland
                                12.  pineal gland

  E. Study the dissected preserved cat.  Find the following:
          1. brachial plexus
          2. sciatic nerve

F.            Study of the neuron model.
1.  dendrites
2.  axon
3.  nodes of Ranvier
4.  cell body
5.  nucleus
6.  endoneurium
7.  myelin sheath
8.  nissl bodies